Concept:The notation A′ (written as A1 in the question) means the complement of set A.Explanation:From the Venn diagram, the sets are:A′={s,w,x,y,z}B={r,s,t,u}C={t,u,v,w,x}We need the elements common to all three sets.First find B∩C={t,u}.Now check whether t or u is in A′.Neither t nor u is in A′.Also, no element from A′ such as s,w,x,y,z is in both B and C.Therefore, there are no common members.So, A′∩B∩C=Φ.Answer:A. Φ