Concept: Setting up an equation from the given fraction problem.Explanation: Let the number added be y. Then the new fraction is 8+y1+y. Since the result is 21, we write: 8+y1+y=21 Cross-multiply to get: 2(1+y)=8+y2+2y=8+y Bring like terms together: 2y−y=8−2y=6Answer: The required number is 6.