Concept:Proto-nationalism refers to early African movements that sought limited reforms within the colonial system, not full independence.
Explanation:Proto-nationalist groups were led by chiefs, religious leaders, and educated Africans.
Their demands focused on correcting colonial injustices and defending African traditions.
They asked for reforms of the political class and respect for African religion.
They did not yet demand an immediate end to colonialism or full political independence.
Thus, the movement remained limited to specific cultural and political reforms.
Answer:B. reforms of the political class and respect for African religion