Concept:An ombudsman is an independent official appointed to investigate citizen complaints against government authorities.Explanation:The ombudsman receives grievances from citizens who believe they have been treated unfairly or unjustly by state officials or agencies.This official examines the complaint, investigates the actions of the government body, and recommends a remedy or redress.This makes the ombudsman the proper channel through which citizens can seek redress against state injustice.Answer:A. ombudsman