Concept:A price below the equilibrium price creates a shortage in the market.Explanation:At the equilibrium price, the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied.When the price is set below this level, buyers want to purchase more because the commodity is cheaper.At the same time, sellers are willing to supply less because the lower price reduces their profit.As a result, the quantity demanded becomes greater than the quantity supplied.This situation is known as excess demand.Answer:B. excess demand