Concept:Commercialization refers to reorganizing a state-owned enterprise so that it operates on commercial principles and pursues profit.
Explanation:A state firm is normally owned by the government and may be run mainly to provide services rather than to earn profit.
When the government makes that firm more profit-oriented, it introduces management changes, cost control, and revenue targets.
This practice is called commercialization because the firm is run in a businesslike manner while still remaining state-owned.
Privatization is not correct because privatization transfers ownership from the government to private investors.
Nationalization is not correct because the firm is already owned by the state, not being newly taken over.
Deregulation is not correct because it means removing government rules and restrictions from an industry, not changing a firm's profit motive.
Therefore, the only option that describes the practice is commercialization.
Answer:D. commercialization