Concept:An ionic compound is formed when a metal transfers electrons to a non-metal and the resulting positive and negative ions are held together by strong electrostatic attraction.
Explanation:Calcium is a metal and chlorine is a non-metal, so there is a large electronegativity difference between them.
Because of this large difference, calcium does not share electrons with chlorine; it transfers electrons instead.
Calcium loses its two valence electrons:
Ca→Ca2++2e−.
Each chlorine atom gains one electron:
Cl+e−→Cl−.
The
Ca2+ and
Cl− ions formed are oppositely charged, so they attract each other strongly by electrostatic force.
This strong attraction between the ions gives calcium chloride its ionic lattice and ionic character.
Answer:D. I, II, III and IV