Concept:Hydrolysis occurs when boiling aqueous sodium hydroxide breaks specific chemical bonds such as peptide bonds in proteins or ester bonds in fats.
Explanation:Proteins contain peptide bonds (
−CO−NH−).
Boiling proteins with aqueous
NaOH hydrolyses these peptide bonds into smaller units.
Therefore, protein undergoes hydrolysis.
Fats are esters formed from glycerol and fatty acids.
When boiled with aqueous
NaOH, fats undergo hydrolysis through saponification, producing soap and glycerol.
Therefore, fat also undergoes hydrolysis.
Polythene is a saturated hydrocarbon polymer.
It contains only strong
C−C and
C−H bonds.
These bonds are not attacked by boiling aqueous
NaOH.
Hence, polythene is not hydrolysed.
Thus, the substances hydrolysed by boiling with aqueous sodium hydroxide are protein and fat.
Answer:C. i and ii