Concept:The instrument is a rain gauge, used to measure rainfall, which is an abiotic factor.
Explanation:The rain gauge collects and measures the amount of rainfall in an area.
Rainfall supports plant growth and germination.
However, when rainfall is excessive, it can cause flooding.
Flooding may destroy farmlands, property, and living habitats.
Therefore, the main disadvantage of heavy rainfall is flooding.
Answer:C. leads to flooding when in excess
