Concept:Bright and contrasting colours on stinging insects warn predators of danger.Explanation:The yellow and black stripes on a wasp make it highly visible.These colours signal that the wasp can sting and is dangerous.Predators learn to recognise this pattern and avoid attacking the wasp.This defensive mechanism is called warning colouration.It differs from camouflage, where an animal blends into its surroundings.Answer:D. warning colouration