Concept:A non-cash expense is an expense recorded in the profit and loss account that does not involve any cash payment during the period.
Explanation:Provision for doubtful debts is an estimated loss from customers who may not pay their debts.
It is charged as an expense in the profit and loss account.
This expense is created by a book entry only.
No cash or bank transaction is made at the time of creating this provision.
Thus, it is a non-cash expense.
Insurance payable, debenture interest, and rent and rates are not classified as non-cash expenses in this context.
Answer:C. provision for doubtful debts