JAMB Physics 2024 Paper

Concept:At resonance in a series RLC circuit, the inductive and capacitive reactances are equal, so the circuit behaves as purely resistive.Explanation:For a series circuit, the same current $I$ flows through the resistor, inductor, and capacitor.The voltage across the inductor is $V_L = I X_L$.The voltage across the capacitor is $V_C = I X_C$.At resonance, $X_L = X_C$.Therefore, $V_L = V_C$ in magnitude.The two voltages are opposite in phase, so they cancel each other in the reactive part of the circuit.This leaves only the resistor voltage $V_R$ to oppose the supply voltage.Hence, the resonance condition for the series RLC circuit is that the inductor and capacitor voltages are equal.Answer:$V_L = V_C$, so the correct option is D.