Concept:The reign of Caliph Uthman b. Affan is most remembered for his official effort to unify the Muslim community on a single, authoritative text of the Qur’an.
Explanation:During his caliphate, differing recitations of the Qur’an began to appear among the expanding Islamic lands.
To prevent disagreement, Caliph Uthman formed a committee led by Zayd b. Thabit to collect and verify the revealed verses.
The committee used the original manuscripts compiled under Caliph Abu Bakr and cross-checked them with the memorisation of the companions.
One standard copy was then written out and sent to the major regions of the Islamic state.
Copies were made from this master text, which later became known as the Uthmanic codex.
This action did not merely preserve the Qur’an; it also stopped disputes over different readings before they could divide the community.
While Uthman’s reign did involve administration and justice, his most notable and lasting achievement reported in Islamic history is this standardisation of the Qur’anic text.
Answer:D. standardization of the Qur’an