Concept:The Muslims used a trench, a totally new defensive strategy, which the Makkan army did not know how to overcome.
Explanation:The Battle of Khandaq is also known as the Battle of the Trench.
It took place in the fifth year of the Hijrah.
The Muslims were heavily outnumbered by the combined Makkan and allied forces.
Following the advice of Salman al-Farisi, the Prophet and the Muslims dug a deep trench around the exposed parts of Madinah.
When the Quraysh and their allies arrived, they were surprised by this unusual defensive barrier.
The Makkan cavalry, which was their greatest strength, could not cross the trench.
Their horses were unable to charge, and their traditional style of open warfare was completely neutralised.
The siege dragged on under terrible conditions, and the Muslims successfully repelled every attempt to break through.
The confederate forces also suffered from hunger, cold winds, and internal disagreement among the allied tribes.
Eventually, the coalition lost heart and withdrew in failure.
The victory proved that Muslim discipline and tactical wisdom could overcome superior numbers.
Answer:The Makkan forces were not successful because they were not familiar with the strategy of the Muslims.
The correct option is
B.