Concept:The Berlin Conference is recognized as the event that formalized the partition of Africa among European powers.Explanation:European nations met in Berlin in 1884–1885 to establish rules for claiming African territories.The agreements reached there gave legal recognition to colonial expansion and fixed colonial boundaries.This made the Berlin Conference the official process that formalized colonial penetration into Africa.Other options like the Brussels Conference or Paris Treaty were not directly responsible for this formalization.Answer:C. Berlin conference