Concept:Dutch settlement in South Africa was built on forced labour.
Explanation:In the 17th century, Dutch settlers needed workers to develop farms and towns.
They did not mainly rely on natural resources, government funds, or social infrastructure.
Instead, they used enslaved black South Africans as the main source of labour.
This system of enslavement later formed part of the foundation of apartheid.
Even after slavery ended in 1863, the exploitation of black South Africans continued through other economic systems.
Answer:C. black South African slaves