Concept:The question asks for the option that was not a driving force behind missionary expansion into Africa.
Explanation:Missionary movements into Africa were driven by the desire to end the slave trade, promote legitimate commerce, and spread Christianity and civilization.
They also sought to eliminate superstitious beliefs and regenerate African society through humanitarian concern.
However, western education did not cause missionary expansion.
It was introduced by the missionaries as a tool for spreading Christianity after they arrived.
Therefore, western education was a consequence, not a driving force, of missionary movements.
Answer:D. the prevalence of western education