Concept:Colonialism is the system where a dominant country enforces its political will over another territory in order to exploit that territory’s economic resources.
Explanation:The question defines political subjugation and economic exploitation of a people.
Political subjugation means the foreign power controls the government and administration of the dominated area.
Economic exploitation means the foreign power extracts wealth and resources for its own benefit.
These two features together are the defining characteristics of colonialism.
Neo-colonialism involves influence through economic or political pressure, not direct political rule.
Apartheid refers to racial segregation and discrimination within a country.
Indirect rule is a method of governing through local traditional rulers.
Thus, the term that best matches the definition is colonialism.
Answer:A. colonialism