Concept:A state is a political entity with a permanent population, a defined territory, a government, and the capacity to enter relations with other states.
Explanation:A state is not just any association of people or a mere geographical location.
It is a formal political community that exercises authority over a definite territory.
This community lives under an organized system of government.
The government is a group that runs the state at a given time, while the state itself is the larger political structure.
Thus, the political entity called a state must be an organized group existing within a clearly defined territory.
Option B refers to any social association, option C is too narrow, and option D ignores political organization and sovereignty.
Answer:A. An organized group within a definite territory