Concept:A confederation is a loose union of independent states that retain most of their sovereignty.
Explanation:In a confederation, the central government is weak because each member state keeps its own power.
Member states often hold the legal right to pull out of the union whenever they wish.
This right to withdraw makes the system highly unstable and encourages movements toward secession.
Whenever a dissatisfied state decides to leave, the unity of the whole confederation is threatened.
Such a structure therefore lacks a strong central authority to hold the members together.
This is why a confederation is often described as a weak or "toothless" arrangement.
The tendency towards secession is considered its most serious weakness.
It also makes a confederation less permanent and more fragile than a federation.
Answer:Option B: tendency towards secession.