Concept:South Africa’s mineral wealth shaped its history and settlement patterns.Explanation:The discovery of gold in the Witwatersrand region attracted many European white settlers in the late 19th century.This area became a major gold-mining hub, boosting immigration and economic development.Durban, Cape Town, and Johannesburg are cities, but they are not known as the main mineral deposit that drew large numbers of white settlers.The correct mineral deposit is gold, located in the Witwatersrand.Answer:C. Gold in Witwatersrand