Concept:A cartel is a formal agreement among independent firms to control prices and share or segment markets.
Explanation:When firms in the same industry agree on a common price and divide customers or regions among themselves, they are forming a cartel.
The main purpose of a cartel is to reduce competition and act like a monopoly in order to raise profits.
Members usually fix output levels and allocate specific market segments, so each firm avoids competing directly with the others.
Collusion is the broader act of secret cooperation, but the specific organised agreement on price and segmentation is known as a cartel.
Haggling simply means bargaining over a price, while specialization refers to concentrating on one line of production. These do not match the description.
Answer:A. cartel