Concept:The acid-catalyzed reaction between an alkanoic acid and an alkanol forms an ester and water.Explanation:An alkanoic acid, e.g. RCOOH, reacts with an alkanol, e.g. ROH, under an acid catalyst.The products are an ester, RCOOR, and water, H2O:RCOOH+ROHH+RCOOR+H2OThis process is called esterification.It is not saponification, which uses fats or oils with a base.It is not dehydration, which usually removes water from a single reactant.It is not hydrolysis, which breaks a compound using water.Answer:C. Esterification