Concept:Fractional distillation of coal tar yields aromatic liquid hydrocarbons, and benzene is the one commonly used in pharmaceutical industries.
Explanation:Coal tar is heated and separated into useful liquid hydrocarbons by fractional distillation.
The products include benzene, toluene, xylene, and similar aromatic compounds.
Among them, benzene (
C6H6) is a liquid hydrocarbon.
Benzene serves as an important solvent in pharmaceutical laboratories.
It is also used as a starting material for making drugs, phenol, aniline, and other medicinal chemicals.
Toluene and xylene are also distilled from coal tar, but they are less commonly linked to direct pharmaceutical applications.
Hexane is not obtained from coal tar; it is mainly produced from petroleum.
Therefore, the liquid hydrocarbon from coal tar used in the pharmaceutical industry is benzene.
Answer:B. Benzene