Concept:Alkanoic acids and alcohols react in the presence of an acid catalyst to form esters.Explanation:This reaction is known as esterification.It involves a carboxylic (alkanoic) acid reacting with an alcohol.A strong acid catalyst, such as concentrated H2SO4, is needed.The products are an ester and water.For example, ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol to form ethyl ethanoate:CH3COOH+C2H5OHH+CH3COOC2H5+H2OThis is not saponification, which is the hydrolysis of fats or oils.It is not polymerization, which forms large repeating molecules.It is also not hydrolysis, which uses water to break bonds.Therefore, the correct process is esterification.Answer:B. Esterification