Concept:Secondary succession occurs in an area where life existed before, but the ecosystem was disturbed.
Explanation:During secondary succession, soil and some organisms remain after a disturbance like fire or farming.
Because the area was already inhabited, it does not start on a bare surface.
Succession begins on an already colonized surface, not from scratch.
It often starts with more complex organisms and reaches a climax community faster than primary succession.
Thus, the key characteristic is that it takes place on a previously occupied land.
Answer:C. starts on already colonized surface