Concept:Physical disintegration, or mechanical weathering, is the breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces without chemical change. It should not be confused with the formation of new rocks from molten material.
Explanation:Repeated heating and cooling makes rock surfaces expand and contract, producing stress that breaks the rock.
This expansion and contraction of rock minerals is therefore a physical disintegration process.
The formation of cracks and crevices also helps rock break down further, because water and other agents can enter the openings.
Similarly, heating and cooling of rock surfaces is a direct cause of mechanical weathering.
Rapid cooling and solidification acts on magma or lava, not on existing rocks.
When magma cools quickly, it forms extrusive igneous rocks, so it builds up rock rather than causing physical disintegration.
Thus, it does not belong to the same group of weathering processes.
Answer:D. rapid cooling and solidification of rocks.