JAMB Chemistry 2024 Paper

Concept:Graham’s law of diffusion states that the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.Explanation:Let the rate of diffusion of gas X be $R_X$ and that of gas Y be $R_Y$.Since gas X diffuses twice as fast as gas Y, $R_X = 2R_Y$.Using Graham’s law: $$\frac{R_X}{R_Y} = \sqrt{\frac{M_Y}{M_X}}$$Substitute the rate ratio: $$\frac{2}{1} = \sqrt{\frac{M_Y}{M_X}}$$Square both sides to remove the square root: $$4 = \frac{M_Y}{M_X}$$This gives: $$M_Y = 4M_X$$Therefore, gas Y is four times as heavy as gas X.Answer:Option B — Gas Y is four times as heavy as Gas X.